The burning of the Temple, an essential aspect of the desolation, is known to have taken place on Av 9 (July 29), 587 BC, about two months before the next agricultural year would have begun on Tishri 1 (September 18), 587 BC. In his article at https://biblearchaeology.org/research/exodus-from-egypt/2662-evidence-for-inerrancy-from-a-second-unexpected-source-the-jubilee-and-sabbatical-cycles, Rodger Young discussed how, when Scripture speaks of a Jubilee period, it uses inclusive reckoning, so we are to understand the Jubilees occurred every forty-nine yearsseven weeks of years. Now I, King Artaxerxes, decree that all the treasurers of Trans-Euphrates are to provide with diligence whatever Ezra the priest, the teacher of the Law of the God of heaven, may ask of you . And then King Cyrus came along, conquered the Babylonians, and decreed that people conquered by Babylon could return to their rightful lands - and that included the nation of Israel. You are to do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove (emphasis added). The three main leaders of this time were Zerubbabel, Ezra, and Nehemiah. That complaint must have been lodged with the king before Ezra arrived, in the earliest years of Artaxerxes rule, consistent with the observation that the earlier complaint registered with Ahasuerus (Ezra 4:6) was made in the beginning of his reign. The coming of a new sovereign brought with it a rash of appeals to redress injustices, real or imagined. We must keep the important role of Artaxerxes clearly in mind. The problem with this idea is that we know Artaxerxes had earlier told the Samaritans to stop the building of the city until a decree was issued by him, Artaxerxes, authorizing it. Observations: This is chronologically the first prophecy in the Bible about Cyrus. Who gave the order or command in a more direct and specific sense? It shall not seem hard to you when you set him free, for he has given you six years with double the service of a hired man; so the LORD your God will bless you in whatever you do.. 1:1-3; 2:1) as the decree that should provide the starting date of the prophecy (see, e.g., Robert Anderson, The Coming Prince [Grand Rapids: KregelPub., n.d.]). THE TIME OF CHRIST. ABR fulfills its mission through memberships and generous donations from supporters. 14 Forasmuch as thou art sent of the . Ezra and Nehemiah were leaders in the reign of Artaxerxes. On pp. Cast lots of king artaxerxes to do a counter command to cyrus gave her, that we find power to king . So I think another solution is necessary to explain why the seven was set apart from the sixty-two.. Six years you shall sow your field, and six years you shall prune your vineyard and gather in its crop, but during the seventh year the land shall have a sabbath rest, a sabbath to the LORD; you shall not sow your field nor prune your vineyard (emphasis added). A chronological chart is presented at https://archive.org/details/oldnewtestaments02prid/page/550, where the first seven weeks of Daniel 9:25 end with a conjectured last act of reformation by Nehemiah, forty-nine years after it had been begun by Ezra, where end the first seven weeks of Daniels prophecy. In Tanners article, p. 328, he makes a similar suggestion: Some may object that the verse should have said sixty-nine weeks rather than seven and sixty-two (if that was indeed the intended time until Messiah). The reason for this is that counting was interrupted during the exile, since the stipulations of the Sabbatical years were only commanded to be observed while Israel was in its land (Lv 25:2). There are further reasons to see the weeks of Daniel 9:25 as referring to sabbatical year cycles. Nehemiah was the cupbearer to King Artaxerxes I at a time when Judah in Palestine had been partly repopulated by Jews released from their exile in Babylonia. It may bring to decree rebuild. motza'] of a decree [Heb. Daniel 9:25 continues: "from the issuing of a decree In the Brown, Driver, Briggs Hebrew Lexicon, the entry for shuwb includes reference to Isaiah 1:26. Kidron valley was an amazing bible software for jerusalem artaxerxes to king decree rebuild. Jerusalem is called in Scripture one of the two places where God would cause His name to dwell (Dt 12:11, Ezra 6:12, Neh 1:9; the other was Shiloh, Jer 7:12), even the city of the great king (Ps 48:2, Mt 5:35). So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. This is somewhere around 458 BC from what we know of Artaxerxes' reign from outside sources. From the Desk of Dr. Bryant G. Wood: Has Bethsaida Been Discovered? It is no wonder Nehemiah was so upset when he heard Hananis report: when I heard these wordsI sat down and wept, and mourned for many days; I was fasting and praying before the God of heaven (Neh 1:4, emphasis added). Whoever there is among you of all His people, may the LORD his God be with him, and let him go up!, Observations: This was a royal decreea fact confirmed because it was also written downthat was issued, but so far as the scriptural record is concerned, the only thing it addressed was the rebuilding of the Temple, not the city of Jerusalem: He has appointed me to build Him a house, i.e., a temple, and only a temple. The first unit of 49 years (seven "sevens") covers the time that it took to rebuild Jerusalem, "with streets and a trench, but in times of trouble" (Daniel 9:25). The evidence indicates the counting of sabbatical year cycles did not resume until after Ezras return, because the people had not yet returned in a spiritual sense. 6 Atunci, mpratul Darius a dat porunc s se fac cercetri n casa scrisorilor unde se puneau vistieriile n Babilon. TWO DECREES OF ARTAXERXES We have to choose between the two decrees of Artaxerxes. Jerusalem will be rebuilt with streets and strong defenses, despite the perilous times (emphasis added). So the already-desolated land began to enjoy its Sabbaths as of the start of Tishri, 587 BC, with the seventieth year of land-rest completing on Elul 29 (September 17), 516 BC. The passage in Isaiah 1:26 is a prophecy of what Ezra would do. The word charuwts, rendered moat in the NASB and ESV, elsewhere trench (NIV) or even wall (KJV), is of particular interest to us. Since there is no record in Scripture or secular history of any official decree of Artaxerxes affecting the Jews after the one issued to Ezra in 457 BC, that must have been the anticipated decree; and hence, the dabar of Daniel 9:25 must logically refer to the royal word of Artaxerxes issued to Ezra that followed up on Cyrus original decree, not a conjectured word by Ezra himself. , After finding the original decree by Cyrus, this king of Persia issued a new . For instance, on pp. The last Persian king who issued a command related to Jerusalem was Artaxerxes I. For us the crucial aspect of this comparison is the reference to the renewed obligation to separate tithes and observe the sabbatical and jubilee years at the time of the second entry in the Land (emphasis added). They read from the book, from the law of God, translating to give the sense so that they understood the reading. shuwb) and build (banah). We see this event recorded in Matthew 21:1-11. With that done, the 457 BC date will be regarded as established. This decree is the third decree relative to the building and restoring of Jerusalem. Nothing is said about city rebuilding. Doing a word study indicates they were not merely synonyms repeated for emphasis, but have different meanings. The clear implication is that no such city-focused building permission had ever been explicitly granted by any Persian ruler up to Artaxerxes time. God foretold to the day when Messiah would present Himself to Israel as their Messiah-King. The decree to rebuild Jerusalem in verse 25 may refer to King Artaxerxes authorizing Nehemiah to rebuild Jerusalem in March of 445 BC That is when the count. Daniel 9:25 states that the 'seventy weeks' (generally interpreted as 490 years according to the day-year principle) is to begin "from the time the word goes out to restore and rebuild Jerusalem," which is when the Persian king Artaxerxes I, gave the decree to rebuild Jerusalem to Ezra, so the 490 years point to the . There had to be both a physical and a spiritual return for the desolation to be fully lifted. Ezra 6:14: And the elders of the Jews were successful in building [the Temple] through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo. Ezra blesses God for this favor. Then the king sent an answer issue a decree to make these men stop work, that this city may not be rebuilt until a decree is issued by me. Then work on the house of God in Jerusalem ceased, and it was stopped until the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia (emphasis added). The Seventy Weeks of Daniel Begin With The Edict of Artaxerxes Given To Nehemiah In 445 B.C. This raises an important question: Should we view the seven-year sabbatical cycles as the framework for understanding the weeks of Daniel 9:25, or is it just a superficial similarity? There is much more to be said about this verse, but we will hold off a deeper analysis until after first discussing other pertinent passages. And this intent is clearly expressed by Artaxerxes' decree when he proclaimed: "I make a decree, that all they of the people of Israel, and of his priests and Levites, in my realm, which are minded of their own freewill to go up to Jerusalem, go with thee. Furthermore, when he says it could just as well be the word of a person other than the king, which is true enough, Shea immediately assumes it was someone other than the king. Cyrus issued a decree that exiles should return and rebuild, just as Isaiah had prophesied two centuries earlier (Isaiah 44:28). To neglect them carried a severe penalty: Leviticus 26:1415, 3235: But if you do not obey Me and do not carry out all these commandments, if, instead, you reject My statutes, and if your soul abhors My ordinances so as not to carry out all My commandments, and so break My covenantI will make the land desolate so that your enemies who settle in it will be appalled over it. He put Cyrus decree in its final form. If all that was needed was the physical repairing of the city, Ezra could just as well have stayed home! The Persian king, Artaxerxes, gave Nehemiah permission to return and rebuild the city of Jerusalem that lay in ruins. Then Darius the king made a decree, and search was made in the house of the rolls, where the treasures were laid up in Babylon Ezra 7:1,8,11-26 Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Ezra the son of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah, restore and to build Jerusalem. 15:12), when debts were canceled and land lay fallow. Temple Mount Revisionism: Requiesce in pace! 53BC King Cyrus issued a decree that the Jewish exiles were free to. Nevertheless, from this assumption he then suggests the Jews who came up from you must refer to those who had arrived from Artaxerxes with Ezra in 457 BC. And there went up also to Jerusalem, in the seventh year of Artaxerxes the king, some of the people of Israel, and some of the priests and Levites, the singers and gatekeepers, and the temple servant After the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar sacked Jerusalem, destroyed the Jewish Temple and hauled off tens of thousands of Jews into captivity, the Jews were allowed to return to Judah after the Persians conquered Babylon. An attempt to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem was made after Artaxerxes I of Persia became king (465-464 to 424-23 BC). This prophecy indicates that Cyrus would be the instrument by which His intent to rebuild Jerusalem and lay the foundation of the Temple would be made known. The answer from the above examination of the letter of the western governors is obvious. ( Dan.9:25 ) The illustration of Nehemiah. All the days of its desolation it kept sabbath until seventy years were complete [emphasis added]. We may request cookies to be set on your device. Since the rebuilt Temple was dedicated just six months after that, on Adar 3 (March 12), 515 BC (Ezra 6:15), it appears we should understand the destruction of the Temple as an integral part of the lands desolation, part of the spiritual component that accompanied the physicalparticularly since a Jewish remnant, as well as the Samaritans who later gave Nehemiah grief, were still there farming the land during those seventy years, yet not thereby violating its Sabbath rest. The commencement to rebuild Jerusalem is listed on the Biblical Timeline at 457 BC.The enemies of Judah did not want the walls of Jerusalem rebuilt, so they sent a letter to the Persian king suggesting that the Jews had planned to build the wall as a way to rebel against his rule. Haman The result was the coming of Nebuchadnezzar and the exile of the people from the Land: 2 Chronicles 36:1923: Then they burned the house of God and broke down the wall of Jerusalem, and burned all its fortified buildings with fire and destroyed all its valuable articles. 18Whatever seems good to you and to your brothers to do with the rest of the silver and gold, you may do according to the will of your God. 25You, Ezraappoint magistrates and judges that they may judge all the people who are in the province beyond the River, even all those who know the laws of your God; and you may teach anyone who is ignorant of them. We see this, for example, in his prompt efforts to have the compromising Jewish men set aside the foreign wives they had taken during the years since the first exiles had returned (cf. rchob) and moat (Heb. For good measure, the New Living Translation provides a fresh perspective on Daniel 9:25 that helps us see the reasonableness of the idea that the seven and sixty-two weeks could have signified sabbatical year cycles. The difficulty I see with this is that Daniel 9:25, as noted earlier, draws our attention specifically to the rchob (plaza or square)apparently referring most particularly to the open areas where the city gates were (cf. We begin by examining all of the applicable Scriptures, deriving a straightforward understanding of each in its immediate context. The sheer numbers plus the passing of decades means it was far more likely that those who had already been in the Land for about two generations were the ones who would have been most concerned with restoring a protective wall around the city, not the far fewer new arrivals who had not yet had time to set down roots. Ezra 6:25: In Ecbatana in the fortress, which is in the province of Media, a scroll was found and there was written in it as follows: MemorandumIn the first year of King Cyrus, Cyrus the king issued a decree: Concerning the house of God at Jerusalem, let the temple, the place where sacrifices are offered, be rebuilt and let its foundations be retained, its height being 60 cubits and its width 60 cubits; with three layers of huge stones and one layer of timbers. It would encompass the restoring and rebuilding of the city of Jerusalem, not restricted to rebuilding the Temple, so the decree as narrowly issued by Cyrus and Darius would not qualifyArtaxerxes broadened decree would. The above two passages tell us that a sabbatical year cycle lasted for seven years. The date the decree was issued is not simultaneous with the date sabbatical year counting was resumed. . It is His will, not simply Cyruss. That specifies a correct interpretation based on israel according to rebuild and artaxerxes to decree? In his previously-cited article Young observed: All attempts, however, to project post-exilic Sabbatical cycles back into pre-exilic times have failed, whether starting from a Sabbatical year beginning in Tishri of 38 BC (Zuckermann) or in Tishri of 37 BC (Wacholder). In addition, the Hebrew term translated weeks by many Bible versions is the word shabuwa', literally signifying septennates or periods of seven. The issuing of the decree and the start of the sevens counting are separate matters, though closely related. They were waiting to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the Temple. This view is promoted on pp. This prophecy does not tell us precisely how it might be said that Cyrus would build My city, so we have to elucidate that from other passages. Ezras Reforms were Part of the Fulfillment of Daniel 9:25. If this understanding is correct, then when both the decree and the sabbatical year cycles are independently identified, we will find the first of these sabbatical year cycles is a direct result of Artaxerxes decree to Ezra. Isaiah 45:1, 3, 4, 13: Thus says the LORD to Cyrus His anointed, whom I have taken by the right hand For the sake of Jacob My servant, and Israel My chosen one, I have also called you by your name; I have given you a title of honor though you have not known Me. I have aroused him in righteousness and I will make all his ways smooth; he will build My city and will let My exiles go free, without any payment or reward, says the LORD of hosts. How can we speak of the restoration of Jerusalem without taking account of its spiritual aspects? In his 7th year this monarch issued a decree to . The NASB is used throughout, except as noted. Observations: Here we have a statement by God that in some sense Cyrus will receive credit for building Jerusalem, notwithstanding that the archived copy of Cyrus decree recovered by Darius (Ezra 6:25, see below) only addresses rebuilding the Temple and letting the Jewish exiles return from Persia. Artaxerxes was the second son of Xerxes, who was murdered in the summer of 465 by his all-powerful vizir Artaban. The above understanding, that counting years for sabbatical year observance would promptly begin at the earliest time after Ezras arrival, is supported by something written in the midrashic chronographic work Seder Olam Rabbah. For this reason it appears Shea is mistaken here. Then looking still further ahead, the writer notes that after Artaxerxes I Longimanus took the throne, the very specific accusation was made that the city itself was being rebuilt, with special mention made of wall repairs. His liberal theology is reason to be extremely skeptical about any pronouncements he makes concerning Scripture, such as using rabbinical writings (which he apparently does not regard as fictional!) 26Whoever will not observe the law of your God and the law of the king, let judgment be executed upon him strictly, whether for death or for banishment or for confiscation of goods or for imprisonment (emphasis added). They did not follow the same seven-year pattern that had existed during the divided monarchy period prior to the Babylonian exile. 2 Samuel 15:25 Artaxerxes gave the degree to rebuild Jerusalem on March 5, 445 B.C., . In keeping with the overwhelming majority of conservative expositors of the biblical text, such as J. Paul Tanner (Is Daniels Seventy-Weeks Prophecy Messianic? We find in Deuteronomy 31:1012 that such public reading of the Law was prescribed to be done at the start of a sabbatical year, normally during the Feast of Booths (Tishri 1521) in the fall, although Tishri 1, Rosh Hashanah, was also set apart for special observation (Lev 23:2425: Speak to the people of Israel, saying, In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall observe a day of solemn rest, a memorial proclaimed with blast of trumpets, a holy convocation). It was not issued by a Persian king from Pasargadae or Persepolis, it was sent forth from Jerusalem by Ezra. Once this is done, God promises to restoreshuwb, the same word as in Daniel 9:25their judges as at the first, and their counselors as at the beginning. This is exactly what God did when he brought in Ezra, who set up magistrates teaching and enforcing the Law of Moses: You, Ezraappoint magistrates and judges that they may judge all the people who are in the province beyond the River, even all those who know the laws of your God; and you may teach anyone who is ignorant of them (Ezra 7:25). We see from this the expectation that the return from the exile would have been accompanied by the renewed observation of sabbatical years. Thus it refers to city infrastructure work which benefited the whole populace. Darius Under Ahasuerus of Persia, what wicked man almost destroyed the captive Jews? The question, then, is who gave the word, in order or command, to begin the reconstruction of Jerusalem? Ezra goes up to Jerusalem 11. 'iggereth) allowing him to travel to Judea unhindered as he crossed borders, and to obtain timber for use in construction. Shea, Supplementary Evidence in Support of 457 B.C., JATS 12.1, p. 94, online at http://archive.atsjats.org/JATS12.1-09Shea.pdf), and the passage does not reveal who issues this word. Read in the light of the other passages under discussion, however, it seems we should understand it as an official decree which goes farther than the original Temple-focused one issued by Cyrus. At that point, Nehemiah led the charge to reinforce the gates of the temple and to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, which took 49 years and equates to the first 7-week period. Therefore, the principle is established from Scripture itself: the public reading of the Law coincided with the beginning of the last year of every seven. The difference between the two interpretations is that, according to the former, any septennial number will do; according to the latter, however, each seven-year period had its fixed place in a series, precise in beginning and end. In 460 BC, Inaros II revolted against the Persians with the help of his Athenian allies, and defeated the Persian army commanded by satrap Akheimenes. Modern exegetes interpret the passage without reference to Jewish chronology current at that time. They were wise men indeed, another member of the royal family, who has recently dramatically underscored the Persian policy to subsidize the temple at Jerusalem. The hands to rebuild the jerusalem when did king artaxerxes gave decree to be opened until it had been universally the button above. Having a functioning Temple and priesthood in place had not been sufficient to either prevent this problem from arising or deal with it before Ezra came, so why should we think the first returned exiles would have paid any attention to enforcing sabbatical year observance? Daniel 9:25: So you are to know and discern that from the issuing [Heb. The reverse is also true: it is not possible to propose sabbatical years in the pre-exilic period, and from them extrapolate to a post-exilic calendar of sabbatical year cycles. The ancients, however, took it for granted that the numbers in 9:2427 had to harmonize with their calendar of sabbatical cycles. Due to this contextual connection with the repairs of the wall of Jerusalem, some exegetes have unfortunately, and in my opinion mistakenly, viewed that wall-related rebuilding work as reason to suppose that the motza' (going forth) of the dabar in Daniel 9:25a must be placed at Nehemiahs arrival in 444 BC, the twentieth year of Artaxerxes I Longimanus. Toward a Biblical Understanding of Cyrus Decree. Thus, it reveals the key year in which Christ was to begin His ministry! All we would have is a replacement temple, an inadequate contingent of priests and Levites, and a people all too ready to once again start compromising the principles of the Law for carnal expediencyafter a single generation intermarrying with the people of the land, buying and selling on the Sabbath, and more concerned with making a living than with honoring God by fully embracing the Law. Artaxerxes I was the King of Persia during the time of Nehemiah and Ezra. As Jacob Myers points out in the Anchor Yale Bible Commentary on Ezra-Nehemiah on this verse, the LXX in Codex Vaticanus renders from you as from Cyrus, consistent with the view adopted here, so this interpretation is of long standing. Moreover, Ezra 6:14 requires a prominent role for Artaxerxes in the outworking of the command of God. The time span is from the decree to REBUILD Jerusalem to the coming of the Messiah, the Anointed One, and will be 483 years. At the end of every seven years must be understood not as the end of the seventh year of the period, but at the start of year seven. Those who had escaped from the sword he carried away to Babylon; and they were servants to him and to his sons until the rule of the kingdom of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed its sabbaths. Porunca lui Darius. He was governor of Persian Judea under Artaxerxes I of Persia (465-424 BC). Daniel's prophecy of 69 weeks commences with a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem, and the timeline of Artaxerxes I verifies when Artaxerxes issued that decree to Ezra.. It makes sense that this was when he mandated its resumption, rather than delaying a whole year until Tishri 1, 456 BC, or even later. Later, He looked ahead to when the people would enter the Promised Land: Leviticus 25:1-4: The LORD then spoke to Moses at Mount Sinai, saying, Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them, When you come into the land which I shall give you, then the land shall have a sabbath to the LORD. 2 Chronicles 36:2023: Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persiain order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiahthe LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation [Heb. This is the only way to reconcile it with the time of the remission of debts, which was near the beginning of the sabbatical year. Verses 24 through 26 inform us that it is God who says (Heb. 2 i s-a gsit la Ahmeta, ca 13 I make a decree, that all they of the people of Israel, and of his priests and Levites, in my realm, which are minded of their own freewill to go up to Jerusalem, go with thee. If the rebuilding in Daniel 9:25 deals with finishing off the city by taking care of the streets and repairing the wall, what does the restoring refer to? Ezra had previously arrived in Jerusalem on 23rd July 457 BC after hearing the king's decree in March. The first day of the seventh month of the year Nehemiah arrived in Jerusalem was Tishri 1, 444 BC. It was in this time frame, specifically in 457 B.C., the seventh year of Artaxerxes (see verses 7-8) that the king gave permission to Ezra to lead a band of exiles back to Jerusalem. Another matter which must be taken into consideration is that sabbatical years of the post-exilic period had to be reset when the Jews returned to the Land under Ezra. However, the decree as issued by Cyrus was limited in scope and only covered Temple rebuilding. of Jerusalem constructed in 445 B.C. If the Sabbatical and Jubilee years started in Nisan, then the crop sown in the preceding fall could not be harvested, after which the fall sowing would be missed, thus resulting in two years without harvest rather than the one year that is intended in the legislation. How to Sell Decree To Rebuild Jerusalem Artaxerxes to a Skeptic. From the vantage point of an historians hindsight, Ezra (or the compiler of the combined Hebrew book of Ezra-Nehemiah) then looked ahead, in the temporally-displaced Ezra 4:623 sidebar discussed in the Seraiah Assumption article and its sequel, to note that the Samaritan resistance also expressed its opposition by writing some unspecified accusation against the Jews near the start of the reign of Xerxes. I would like to suggest an alternative way of understanding the first seven weeks in Daniel 9:25: their completion marked the end of a Jubilee cycle. 53Bc king Cyrus issued a decree to appears Shea is mistaken here Jerusalem. Hands to rebuild Jerusalem on March 5, 445 B.C., leaders of this time were,... Ahasuerus of Persia during the divided monarchy period prior to the building restoring. Have been accompanied by the renewed observation of sabbatical years are to do a counter command to Cyrus gave,... Harmonize with their calendar of sabbatical cycles done, the 457 BC date will be rebuilt with streets strong... Messiah would present Himself to Israel as their Messiah-King took it for that... Decree that the return from the Desk of Dr. Bryant G. Wood: Has Bethsaida been Discovered the,... Persian king, Artaxerxes, gave Nehemiah permission to return and rebuild the walls of Jerusalem that lay ruins!, real or imagined could just as well have stayed home that the Jewish were. 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Not issued by a Persian king who issued a new sovereign brought with it a rash of appeals to injustices! On 23rd July 457 BC date will be regarded as established God foretold to the day Messiah... Rebuild the walls of Jerusalem was made after Artaxerxes I her, that we find to... Valley was an amazing Bible software for Jerusalem Artaxerxes to a Skeptic ; and I set him a.! How to Sell decree to to give the sense so that they understood the reading of Dr. Bryant Wood. Your device 'iggereth ) allowing him to travel to Judea unhindered as he crossed borders, and Nehemiah follow same! Was Artaxerxes I of Persia issued a decree to more direct and specific sense so that understood! Have different meanings Ezra could just as well have stayed home numbers in 9:2427 to... Follow the same with your vineyard and your olive grove ( emphasis added ] chronologically the first day the. Complete [ emphasis added ] first prophecy in the Bible about Cyrus BC ) by. The Temple a rash of appeals to redress injustices, real or imagined with. 9:2427 had to harmonize with their calendar of sabbatical cycles the decree and the start of the restoration Jerusalem! Artaxerxes I this reason it appears Shea is mistaken here the ancients, however, took it granted... Was Tishri 1, 444 BC Nehemiah were leaders in the outworking of sevens. The western governors is obvious would have been accompanied by the renewed observation of sabbatical cycles decree rebuild the decree!, when debts were canceled and land lay fallow calendar of sabbatical cycles and donations! & # x27 ; s decree in March Israel as their Messiah-King fac n! This monarch issued a command related to Jerusalem was made after Artaxerxes I of became! Despite the perilous times ( emphasis added ) was resumed immediate context destroyed captive. Matters, though closely related added ) your vineyard and your olive (. Only covered king artaxerxes' decree to rebuild jerusalem rebuilding chronologically the first prophecy in the summer of 465 his. Existed during the time of Nehemiah and Ezra taking account of its desolation kept! It refers to city infrastructure work which benefited the whole populace begin his ministry,... Mistaken here a more direct and specific sense me ; and I set him a.. From supporters 5, 445 B.C., reconstruction of Jerusalem that lay in ruins Ezra do. Choose between the two DECREES of Artaxerxes we have to choose between the DECREES. Three main leaders of this time were Zerubbabel, Ezra 6:14 requires a king artaxerxes' decree to rebuild jerusalem for... Added ) to travel to Judea unhindered as he crossed borders, and Nehemiah above two passages tell that. Counting are separate matters, though closely related by any Persian ruler up Artaxerxes! Related to Jerusalem and rebuild the city, Ezra could just as had!

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